Bone Health and Osteoporosis
The calcium and other nutrients in milk products are essential for building and maintaining strong bones during childhood, reducing bone loss during adulthood and preventing osteoporosis.
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Synopsis: Bone Health and Osteoporosis
Milk product consumption is recognized as a key factor in bone health and in the prevention of osteoporosis. There is very good evidence that calcium and vitamin D, two essential components of milk, play important roles with respect to attaining...
Keywords: bone health, osteoporosis
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Definitions, Situation of Osteoporosis in Canada and Risk Factors
Osteoporosis is a disease with its roots in childhood, as bone size, strength, and mineralization peak in one's 20s. Since bone mass declines with advancing age and menopause, individuals who attain optimal peak bone mass during their younger years will have an advantage as they get...
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Studies in Adults and the Elderly
Data from NHANES III was used to determine whether milk intake during childhood and adolescence, when controlled for current calcium intake, was associated with adult bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and the incidence of osteoporotic fractures in 3,251 non-Hispanic white women...
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Studies in Children and Adolescents
A meta-analysis published in 2008 of 21 randomized controlled trials consisting of 3,821 children aged 4 to 17 years (82% of whom were female) on the role of milk products and dietary calcium on bone mineral content in children revealed a number of benefits: Among studies of children with...
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Role of Vitamin D in Bone Health
In a meta-analysis published in 2009, the impact of vitamin D supplements in preventing nonvertebral and hip fractures among older individuals (65 years and older) was evaluated: The studies included 12 double-blind randomized controlled trials for nonvertebral fractures (n= 42,279) and 8...
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Role of Protein in Bone Health
In a review paper by renowned bone health expert Robert P. Heaney and protein metabolism expert Donald K. Layman, the evidence related to protein and bone health was examined: Loss of bone mass (osteopenia) and loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia) that occur with age are closely...
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Role of Other Nutrients
Nutrients other than calcium and vitamin D that have been implicated in bone health are outlined in Table 2.
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Milk Products versus Calcium Supplements
Several studies have demonstrated that milk products are superior to calcium supplements alone, likely due to the role of other nutrients found in milk products that have also been shown to be important for bone health. Only one head-to-head study has addressed the role of calcium...
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Potential Mechanisms
A review of potential mechanisms for calcium and vitamin D in bone health are outlined as follows: 1
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"Scientific Evidence" Keywords
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Nutrition Month is Here!
This year the campaign invites Canadians to celebrate food - right from where it’s grown and harvested all the way to delicious and healthy food on our tables.
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Milk Products and Kidney Stones
Evidence from prospective cohort studies, randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews indicates that an adequate or higher consumption of milk products and dietary calcium in particular does not increase the risk of developing kidney stones.
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Synopsis: Bone Health and Osteoporosis
Milk product consumption is recognized as a key factor in bone health and in the prevention of osteoporosis. There is very good evidence that calcium and vitamin D, two essential components of milk,...
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Healthy Weight: Research Synopsis
Large population studies, randomized controlled trials and mechanistic studies in humans support a beneficial role for adequate or higher intakes of milk products, as part of a healthy diet, in...
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Milk Products and the Prevention of Colon Cancer
Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in males and females and the second leading cause of mortality in the Western World. It has been estimated that in Canada in 2009, a total of 22,000...
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Roles of Vitamin D
Vitamin D has been recognized for a long time for its role in bone development and maintenance. However, advances in research indicate that the benefits of this liposoluble vitamin go beyond bone...
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Effects of Drinking Milk Following Exercise
Although there is no scientific basis for the commonly held belief that adults require eight to 10 glasses of water daily, liquids do need to be consumed before, during and after physical activity to support adequate hydration and replace fluid and electrolytes lost through perspiration.
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Chocolate Milk and Post Exercise Recovery
Although there is no scientific basis for the commonly held belief that adults require eight to 10 glasses of water daily, liquids do need to be consumed before, during and after physical activity to...
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Featured Topics
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Kidney Stones
Evidence indicates that an adequate or higher consumption of milk products does not increase the risk of developing kidney stones.
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Multiple Health Benefits
Evidence has shown that, in addition to reducing the risk of osteoporosis, milk products, as part of a balanced diet, may also help prevent other diseases such as colon cancer and hypertension.
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Healthy Weight
Studies indicate that a diet containing adequate amounts of milk products could make it easier to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Our research summaries, which you will find inside the Articles and Studies Finder filter below, offer you an objective look at studies published up to 2008.
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